Westmore · UDRP DecisionMerckmanuels.com
The Panel ordered transfer of <merckmanuels.com>. It found the domain confusingly similar to the Complainant’s MERCK MANUAL mark despite minor letter changes, found no rights or legitimate interests after the Respondent failed to rebut the Complainant’s prima facie case, and found bad-faith registration and use based on the longstanding and well-known MERCK mark, the competing pharmaceutical pay-per-click links, the Respondent’s default, and inaccurate contact information.
The timeline behind merckmanuels.com
Registration, the decision and the archived record of what this domain actually displayed — from public RDAP and the Internet Archive.
Westmore reconstructs the full history behind merckmanuels.com — from public RDAP and the Internet Archive — as part of UDRP Intelligence:
This decision illustrates a straightforward combination of typo-based confusing similarity and commercial pay-per-click diversion. The result rested not merely on resemblance to a longstanding mark, but also on content in the same commercial field, competitor promotions, the absence of a rebuttal, and inaccurate registrar contact information.
Result of record. The panel's reasoning and decisive facts behind each element are in the Intelligence dossier below.
WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., MSD Consumer Care, Inc., and their affiliates and subsidiaries v. PrivacyProtect.org / ICS INC. Case No. D2013-1993 1. The Parties The Complainant is Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., MSD Consumer Care, Inc., and their affiliates and subsidiaries of Rahway, New Jersey, United States of America (“USA”), represented by Lowenstein Sandler LLP, USA. The Respondents are PrivacyProtect.org of Nobby Beach, Queensland, Australia; and ICS INC. of Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2. The Domain Name and Registrar The disputed domain name <merckmanuels.com> is registered with PDR Ltd. d/b/a PublicDomainRegistry.com (the “Registrar”). 3. Procedural History The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on November 21, 2013. On November 22, 2013, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the disputed domain name. On November 23, 2013, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response disclosing registrant and contact information for the disputed domain name which differed from the named Respondent and contact information in the Complaint. The Center sent an email communication to the Complainant on November 27, 2013, providing the registrant and contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting the Complainant to submit an amendment to the Complaint. The Complainant filed an amended Complaint on December 3, 2013. The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amended Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”). In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2(a) and 4(a), the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on December 3, 2013. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5(a), the due date for Response was December 23, 2013. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent’s default on December 27, 2013. The Center appointed Marilena Comanescu as the sole panelist in this matter on January 9, 2014. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. The language of the proceeding is English. 4. Factual Background The Complainant is the owner of the trademark MERCK used since 1887 in the pharmaceutical field. Currently the Complainant holds a large family of trademarks for or containing the word “merck”, namely 15 United States federal trademark registrations, 400 international trademark registrations and 1,065 top level domain names. Such family of marks includes the trademark MERCK MANUAL. Complainant’s Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, known as “The Merck Manual”, was published for the first time back in 1899 and, according to the Complainant’s assertions, it the world’s best selling medical textbook. The disputed domain name <merckmanuels.com> was registered on March 3, 2013 and at the time of filing the Complaint it was used in relation to a pay-per-click webpage where pharmaceutical products and services were promoted. 5. Parties’ Contentions A. Complainant The Complainant contends that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to its trademarks for MERCK and particularly to the trademark MERCK MANUAL, the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name and the Respondent registered and uses the disputed domain name in bad faith. B. Respondent The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant’s contentions. 6. Discussion and Findings In view of the default and the absence of any reply to the Complaint by the Respondent, the discussion and findings will be based upon the contentions in the Complaint and any reasonable position that can be attributable to the Respondent. Under paragraph 4(a) of the Policy, a complainant can only succeed in an administrative proceeding under the Policy if the following circumstances are met: (i) the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which complainant has rights; and (ii) respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name; and (iii) the disputed domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith. A. Identical or Confusingly Similar The Complainant holds numerous worldwide trademark registrations for the MERCK mark, including for the MERCK MANUAL mark. The disputed domain name <merckmanuels.com> reproduces the Complainant’s MERCK MANUAL trademark replacing one letter and adding another. The Panel finds that such variation does not render the overall impression of the disputed domain name being different from the Complainant’s trademark. Given the above, the Panel finds that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to the Complainant’s trademark. B. Rights or Legitimate Interests The Complainant asserts that it has given no license or other right to use its trademarks, that the Respondent is not commonly known by the disputed domain name and that it has not conducted legitimate business under the name “merckmanuels”. In line with the previous UDRP decisions, the Panel accepts that the Complainant has provided a prima facie case of the Respondent's lack of rights or legitimate interests in relation to the disputed domain name and the burden of production shifts to the Respondent. The Respondent chose not to challenge Complainant’s allegations, there is no evidence before the Panel to support the contrary and therefore the Panel accepts these arguments as facts. Consequently, the Panel finds that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name <merckmanuels.com>. C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith The disputed domain name was registered in 2013 and incorporates the Complainant’s well-known MERCK mark registered and protected since 1887. The disputed domain name is also confusingly similar to the Complainant’s MERCK MANUAL mark. Further, the disputed domain name resolves to a “pay-per-click” advertisement website where products of the Complainant's competitors are promoted. Except for diverting Internet users searching for the Complainant’s goods to other websites, such sort of parking page also tarnishes the Complainant’s trademark. The Respondent did not respond to the Complaint, nor provide an accurate contact address to the Registrar. Given the other circumstances of the case, such behavior may be considered as further evidence of bad faith in registering and using the disputed domain name. For the above, the Panel finds that the Respondent registered and is using the disputed domain name <merckmanuels.com> in bad faith. 7. Decision For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the disputed domain name <merckmanuels.com> be transferred to the Complainant. Marilena Comanescu Sole Panelist Date: January 23, 2014
Source of record: WIPO . Reproduced for research; WIPO is the authoritative source.
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