Westmore · UDRP decision
WIPO · Case No. D2023-2127

Crowedvnlevy.com

TransferWIPO-indexed · informational, not legal advice

The Panel ordered transfer of <crowedvnlevy.com>. It found the domain confusingly similar to Complainant’s registered CROWE & DUNLEVY mark because it was a typographical variant replacing the letter “u” in “Dunlevy” with “v.” The Panel further found that Respondent used the domain for a bogus email address to impersonate Complainant’s employee as part of an attempted funds-diversion scheme, establishing both the absence of rights or legitimate interests and bad-faith registration and use.

Outcome
Transfer
At a glance
Provider
WIPO
Outcome
Transfer
Decision date
2023-08-07
Panelist(s)
Nahitchevansky, Georges
Complainant
Crowe & Dunlevy
Respondent
Oliver Twist
Disputed domain(s)
crowedvnlevy.com
Citation weightrelies on 2 authorities
Domain history UDRP Intelligence

The timeline behind crowedvnlevy.com

Registration, the decision and the archived record of what this domain actually displayed — from public RDAP and the Internet Archive.

Reconstructing the record for crowedvnlevy.com…
Verified public record
Outcome & remedy
Complaint granted. Panel ordered transfer of crowedvnlevy.com.
Reverse Domain Name Hijacking
No RDNH raised.
Westmore Insight

The decision illustrates that a domain need not host an active website to violate the UDRP. Use of a single-character typographical variant for deceptive email impersonation and attempted payment diversion can independently establish lack of legitimate interests and bad-faith registration and use.

The three-part test
Identical or confusingly similarMet
Rights or legitimate interestsMet
Registered and used in bad faithMet

Result of record. The panel's reasoning and decisive facts behind each element are in the Intelligence dossier below.

Related decisions
Case details
Provider
WIPO
Outcome
Transfer
Decision date
2023-08-07
Panel
Nahitchevansky, Georges
Full decision
8 min read · hosted by Westmore

ARBITRATION AN D MEDIATION CENTER ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION Crowe & Dunlevy v. Oliver Twist Case No. D2023-2127 1. The Parties Complainant is Crowe & Dunlevy, United States of America (“United States”), represented internally. Respondent is Oliver Twist, United States 2. The Domain Name and Registrar The disputed domain name <crowedvnlevy.com> is registered with NameCheap, Inc. (the “Registrar”). 3. Procedural History The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on May 12, 2023. On May 15, 2023, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the disputed domain name. On May 15, 2023, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response, disclosing registrant and contact information for the disputed domain name which differed from the named Respondent (Redacted for Privacy, Privacy service provided by Withheld for Privacy ehf) and contact information in the Complaint. The Center sent an email communication to Complainant on May 19, 2023, providing the registrant and contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting Complainant to submit an amendment to the Complaint. Complainant filed an amended Complaint on June 6, 2023. The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amended Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”). In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2 and 4, the Center formally notified Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on June 9, 2023. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5, the due date for Response was June 29, 2023. Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified Respondent’s default on July 11, 2023. The Center appointed Georges Nahitchevansky as the sole panelist in this matter on July 24, 2023. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and page 2 Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. 4. Factual Background Complainant, Crowe & Dunlevy, is a law firm primarily based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States. Complainant has provided legal services since 1981 and owns a trademark registration in the United States for the mark CROWE & DUNLEVY in connection with legal services (Registration No.3,744,634) that issued to registration on February 2, 2010 with a claim of first use in commerce of July 1, 1981. Complainant owns and uses the domain name <crowedunlevy.com> for a website concerning Complainant and its services and for email purposes. The disputed domain name was registered on May 4, 2023 using a privacy service. The underlying registrant, Oliver Twist, was disclosed by the Registrar after the Complaint was filed on May 12, 2023. The disputed domain name does not resolve to an active website or web page and appears to have been used in connection with an email address that purports to be associated with one of Complainant’s attorneys. 5. Parties’ Contentions A. Complainant Complainant maintains that it has rights in the CROWE & DUNLEVY mark by virtue of Complainant’s use of such since 1981 in connection with its legal services and on the basis of its United States trademark registration for that mark. Complainant asserts that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to the CROWE & DUNLEVY mark and Complainant’s <crowedunlevy.com> domain name as it consists of a typo version of that mark by changing the letter “u” in the Dunlevy portion of the disputed domain name with the letter “v.” Complainant contends that Respondents has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name as Respondent has (i) used the disputed domain name to impersonate an employee of Complainant as part of a fraudulent scheme to divert transaction funds from Complainant’s clients to a bank account held by Respondent, and (ii) for a bogus email address used in connection with Respondent’s fraudulent scheme. Lastly, Complainant argues that Respondent has registered and used the disputed domain name in bad faith to “perpetrate a criminal impersonation scheme aimed at defrauding unwitting third parties with bogus contact and banking information.” B. Respondent Respondent did not reply to Complainant’s contentions. 6. Discussion and Findings Under paragraph 4(a) of the Policy, to succeed Complainant must satisfy the Panel that: (i) the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which Complainant has rights; (ii) Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name; and (iii) the disputed domain name was registered and is being used in bad faith. page 3 A. Identical or Confusingly Similar Ownership of a trademark registration is generally sufficient evidence that a complainant has the requisite rights in a mark for purposes of paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy. Section 1.2.1 of the WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Third Edition (“WIPO Overview 3.0”). Complainant has provided evidence that it owns a trademark registration for the CROWE & DUNLEVY mark and that it has used that mark in connection with its legal services and for email purposes well before Respondent registered the dispute domain name. With Complainant’s rights in the CROWE & DUNLEVY mark established, the remaining question under the first element of the Policy is whether the disputed domain name (typically disregarding the generic Top Level Domain such as “.com”) is identical or confusingly similar with Complainant’s mark. See B & H Foto & Electronics Corp. v. Domains by Proxy, Inc. / Joseph Gross, WIPO Case No. D2010-0842. The threshold for satisfying this first element is low and generally panels have found that fully incorporating the identical mark in a disputed domain name is sufficient to meet this standing requirement. In the instant proceeding, the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s CROWE & DUNLEVY mark as it fully and solely consists of a typo version of Complainant’s mark in which the letter “u” in Dunlevy has been replaces by the letter “v.” Section 1.9 of the WIPO Overview 3.0. As Complainant’s mark is clearly recognizable in the disputed domain name, the Panel finds that Complainant has satisfied the requirements of paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy in establishing its rights in Complainant’s CROWE & DUNLEVY mark and in showing that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to that trademark. B. Rights or Le gitimate Inte rests Under paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy, the complainant must make at least a prima facie showing that the respondent possesses no rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name. Malayan Banking Berhad v. Beauty, Success & Truth International, WIPO Case No. D2008-1393. Once the complainant makes such a prima facie showing, the burden of production shifts to the respondent, though the burden of proof always remains on the complainant. If the respondent fails to come forward with evidence showing rights or legitimate interests, the complainant will have sustained its burden under the second element of the UDRP. Here, Respondent has used the disputed domain name as part of a fraudulent scheme that appears to be attempting to divert transaction funds from Complainant’s clients. Respondent has impersonated an employee of Complainant and used the disputed domain name based on a typo version of Complainant’s CROW E & DUNLEVY mark for a bogus email address that supports the fraudulent scheme. Indeed, from the evidence submitted, none of which is Respondent contests, Respondent may also be using other email addresses based on typo versions of domain names owned and used by third parties as part of the same scheme. In totality, Respondent’s use of the disputed domain name for a fake email address that attempts to pass itself off as connected to an employee of Complainant is parasitic and does not constitute a legitimate interest or bona fide use. Section 2.13.1 of the WIPO Overview 3.0 and case cited therein. Given that Complainant has established with sufficient evidence that it owns rights in the CROWE & DUNLEVY mark, and given Respondent’s above noted actions and failure to appear in this matter, the Panel concludes that Respondent does not have a right or legitimate interest in the disputed domain name and that none of the circumstances of Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy are evident in this case. C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith In view of Respondent’s actions as noted above, the Panel finds that Respondent has more likely than not registered and used the disputed domain name in bad faith pursuant to paragraph 4(b) of the Policy. Here, Respondent has registered and used the disputed domain name as part of fraudulent scheme. Respondent has not only registered a domain name that is based on a typo version of the page 4 CROWE & DUNLEVY mark, but has done so for purposes of impersonating Complainant and one its employees in an attempt to divert funds from Complainant’s clients. Simply put, the evidence before the Panel, none of which is contested by Respondent, establishes that Respondent opportunistically and in bad faith registered and used the disputed domain name to profit at the expense of Complainant. Sections 3.2.1 and 3.4 of the WIPO Overview 3.0. Accordingly, the Panel finds that Complainant succeeds under this element of the Policy. 7. Decision For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the disputed domain name, <crowedvnlevy.com>, be transferred to Complainant. /Georges Nahitchevansky/ Georges Nahitchevansky Sole Panelist Date: August 7, 2023

Source of record: WIPO . Reproduced for research; WIPO is the authoritative source.

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