Westmore · UDRP decision
WIPO · Case No. D2025-4240

Nodefoundation.site

TransferWIPO-indexed · informational, not legal advice

The Panel ordered transfer of <nodefoundation.site>. Although the evidence supporting common law rights was limited and the Complainant's United States trademark application remained unresolved, the Panel found sufficient unregistered rights in NODE for UDRP standing. The domain incorporated NODE with the term “foundation” and was used to replicate the Complainant's website while adding an apparent “Buy $NODE” link. That impersonation defeated any claim to rights or legitimate interests and demonstrated an intentional attempt to attract Internet users for commercial gain through confusion under paragraph 4(b)(iv) of the Policy.

Outcome
Transfer
At a glance
Provider
WIPO
Outcome
Transfer
Decision date
2025-12-03
Panelist(s)
Maier, Steven A.
Complainant
The Infinite Node Foundation
Respondent
Allen Lau
Disputed domain(s)
nodefoundation.site
Domain history UDRP Intelligence

The timeline behind nodefoundation.site

Registration, the decision and the archived record of what this domain actually displayed — from public RDAP and the Internet Archive.

Reconstructing the record for nodefoundation.site…
Verified public record
Outcome & remedy
Complaint granted. Panel ordered transfer of nodefoundation.site.
Reverse Domain Name Hijacking
No RDNH raised.
Westmore Insight

The case illustrates how website replication and close temporal proximity to a public launch can support a UDRP complaint involving nascent or unregistered rights, even where the evidence of common law recognition is limited and a trademark application remains unresolved. The cloned content served multiple analytical functions: it affirmed confusing similarity, negated legitimate interests, and demonstrated targeted bad-faith impersonation.

The three-part test
Identical or confusingly similarMet
Rights or legitimate interestsMet
Registered and used in bad faithMet

Result of record. The panel's reasoning and decisive facts behind each element are in the Intelligence dossier below.

Case details
Provider
WIPO
Outcome
Transfer
Decision date
2025-12-03
Panel
Maier, Steven A.
Full decision
9 min read · hosted by Westmore

ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION CENTER ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION The Infinite Node Foundation v. Allen Lau Case No. D2025-4240 1. The Parties The Complainant is The Infinite Node Foundation, United States of America (“United States”), represented by Cazares Law, United States. The Respondent is Allen Lau, Hong Kong, China. 2. The Domain Name and Registrar The disputed domain name <nodefoundation.site> is registered with GoDaddy.com, LLC (the “Registrar”). 3. Procedural History The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on October 15, 2025. On October 16, 2025, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the disputed domain name. On October 16, 2025, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response, disclosing registrant and contact information for the disputed domain name which differed from the named Respondent (Registrant of nodefoundation.site, privacy-protected, via GoDaddy, LLC) and contact information in the Complaint. The Center sent an email communication to the Complainant on October 17, 2025, providing the registrant and contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting the Complainant to submit an amendment to the Complaint. The Complainant filed an amendment to the Complaint on October 25, 2025. The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amendment to the Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”). In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2 and 4, the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on October 27, 2025. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5, the due date for Response was November 16, 2025. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent’s default on November 17, 2025. page 2 The Center appointed Steven A. Maier as the sole panelist in this matter on November 19, 2025. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. 4. Factual Background The Complainant a non-profit foundation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, United States. It is a provider of services related to cryptocurrency and digital art. The Complainant operates a website at “www.nodefoundation.com”. According to material archived at “www.archive.org”, the website appears to have been active since at least March 27, 2025. 1 The Complainant is the applicant for a United States trademark for a word mark NODE (application no. 99151477) in stylized font, submitted on April 23, 2025 with a claimed date of first use of March 27, 2025. The disputed domain name was registered on April 6, 2025. The Complainant exhibits evidence that the disputed domain name has resolved to a website which effectively replicated the Complainant’s own website content, but including what appears to be a hyperlink marked “Buy $NODE”. 5. Parties’ Contentions A. Complainant The Complainant claims unregistered or common law trademark rights in the mark NODE. It provides evidence of a launch of its project on the X platform on March 27, 2025, which its says obtained over 14,000 comments and 348 “retweets”. The Complainant submits that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to its NODE trademark, comprising that trademark together with the word “foundation”, which refers directly to the Complainant. The Complainant contends that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name. It states that it has no relationship with the Respondent and has never authorized it to use its NODE trademark, that the Respondent has not commonly been known by the disputed domain name, and that the Respondent is making neither bona fide commercial use nor legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the disputed domain name. The Complainant submits that the disputed domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith. It points to the Respondent having exactly replicated the Complainant’s own website, but including a link to “Buy $NODE”, which it says is a scam cryptocurrency token. The Complainant states that it is well known in the cryptocurrency and digital art sector, and that the Respondent’s impersonation risks causing serious damage to it. The Complainant requests the transfer of the disputed domain name. 1 As discussed in section 4.8 of WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Third Edition (“WIPO Overview 3.0”), a panel may undertake limited factual research into matters of public record if it would consider such information useful to assessing the case merits and reaching a decision. page 3 B. Respondent The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant’s contentions. 6. Discussion and Findings In order to succeed in the Complaint, the Complainant is required to show that all three of the elements set out under paragraph 4(a) of the Policy are present. Those elements are that: (i) the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; (ii) the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name; and (iii) the disputed domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith. A. Identical or Confusingly Similar While the Complainant has submitted an application for a registered trademark NODE, it is well-established in prior decisions under the UDRP that an unresolved trademark application does not of itself give rise to trademark rights. However, the Complainant claims in addition to have obtained unregistered or common law trademark rights by virtue of its use of the mark NODE in commerce, and public recognition of that mark as designating the Complainant’s digital services. While finding the evidence in support of that contention to be limited, the Panel notes that the first element under the Policy is effectively a “standing” requirement, intended to determine a complainant’s status to bring the proceeding. With this in mind, the Panel finds that the Complainant has demonstrated unregistered or common law trademark rights in the mark NODE for the purposes of the first element under the Policy. While panels usually disregard the content of the website associated with the domain name when assessing confusing similarity under the first element, the content of the Respondent’s website – replicating that of the Complainant – clearly indicates that the Respondent registered the domain name because it believed it to be confusingly similar to the Complainant’s mark. Therefore, the use of the domain name in this case affirms confusing similarity between the domain name and the Complainant’s rights in the mark (WIPO Overview 3.0 at section 1.3). The disputed domain name wholly incorporates the Complainant’s trademark NODE, together with the dictionary term “foundation” which does not prevent the Complainant’s trademark from being recognizable within the disputed domain name. The Panel therefore finds that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to a trademark in which the Complainant has rights. B. Rights or Legitimate Interests In the view of the Panel, the Complainant’s submissions set out above give rise to a prima facie case that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name. However, the Respondent has failed to file a Response in these proceedings and has not submitted any explanation for its registration and use of the disputed domain name, or evidence of rights or legitimate interests on its part in the disputed domain name, whether in the circumstances contemplated by paragraph 4(c) of the Policy or otherwise. The Panel finds, moreover, that the Respondent has used the disputed domain name to impersonate the Complainant, which cannot give rise to rights or legitimate interests on the Respondent’s part. page 4 The Panel therefore finds that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name. C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith In order to establish the third element under the Policy, the Complainant must show either that it had relevant trademark rights at the date the disputed domain name was registered, or, as observed in section 3.8.2 of WIPO Overview 3.0: “As an exception to the general proposition described above in 3.8.1, in certain limited circumstances where the facts of the case establish that the respondent’s intent in registering the domain name was to unfairly capitalize on the complainant’s nascent (typically as yet unregistered) trademark rights, panels have been prepared to find that the respondent has acted in bad faith.” While the Panel has found that the Complainant had unregistered or common law trademark rights in respect of the mark NODE, its position is further reinforced by the above, given its active use of its website located at “www.nodefoundation.com” and its project launch on X which garnered over 10,000 comments, all before the date of registration of the disputed domain name. The disputed domain name is identical to the Complainant’s pre-existing domain name <nodefoundation.com>, merely substituting the respective Top-Level Domain. Furthermore, it is clear from the evidence available to the Panel that the Respondent has used the disputed domain name to replicate the Complainant’s website content, with the addition of what appears to be a hyperlink to “Buy $NODE”, which the Complainant claims to be a scam cryptocurrency token and which would only have value for the Respondent to the extent there is source-identifying capacity in the Complainant’s offering. While it is in unclear to where this hyperlink resolves, it is plain nevertheless that the Respondent has used the disputed domain name to impersonate the Complainant, and that by using the disputed domain name, the Respondent has intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to its website by creating a likelihood of confusion with the Complainant’s trademark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of its website or of a product or service on its website (paragraph 4(b)(iv) of the Policy). The Panel therefore finds that the disputed domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith. 7. Decision For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the disputed domain name <nodefoundation.site> be transferred to the Complainant. /Steven A. Maier/ Steven A. Maier Sole Panelist Date: December 3, 2025

Source of record: WIPO . Reproduced for research; WIPO is the authoritative source.

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