Westmore · UDRP DecisionSeedinvestment-uk.com
The Panel ordered transfer of <seedinvestment-uk.com>. It found that the Complainant had unregistered trademark rights in SEEH FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS and that the domain was confusingly similar despite omitted words, a misspelling of “SEEH” as “seed,” omission of the final “s” from “investments,” and addition of “-uk.” The Panel found no rights or legitimate interests because the Respondent did not rebut the Complainant’s prima facie case and the domain hosted what appeared to be a front website leading to copycat pages on a subdomain. The same impersonating use demonstrated registration and use in bad faith, including an intentional attempt to attract Internet users for commercial gain through confusion.
The timeline behind seedinvestment-uk.com
Registration, the decision and the archived record of what this domain actually displayed — from public RDAP and the Internet Archive.
Westmore reconstructs the full history behind seedinvestment-uk.com — from public RDAP and the Internet Archive — as part of UDRP Intelligence:
The case illustrates how a complainant can establish UDRP standing through unregistered rights in a distinctive corporate name and prevail even where the domain contains several textual changes. It is also notable for the use of a superficially separate root website as an apparent front for impersonating content located on a subdomain. The Panel evaluated the domain and its subdomain architecture together when assessing legitimate interests, targeting, and bad faith.
Result of record. The panel's reasoning and decisive facts behind each element are in the Intelligence dossier below.
ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION CENTER ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION Seeh Finance and Investments SA v. Daniel Laws, seed Daniel Law Case No. D2026-0661 1. The Parties The Complainant is Seeh Finance and Investments SA, Switzerland, represented by Etude Fontanet & Associés, Switzerland. The Respondent is Daniel Laws, seed Daniel Law, United Kingdom. 2. The Domain Name and Registrar The disputed domain name <seedinvestment-uk.com> is registered with GMO Internet, Inc. d/b/a Discount- Domain.com and Onamae.com (the “Registrar”). 3. Procedural History The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on February 16, 2026. On February 18, 2026, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the disputed domain name. On February 20, 2026, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response disclosing registrant and contact information for the disputed domain name which differed from the named Respondent (unidentified / Redacted for Privacy) and contact information in the Complaint. The Center sent an email communication to the Complainant on February 23, 2026, providing the registrant and contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting the Complainant to submit an amendment to the Complaint. The Complainant filed an amendment to the Complaint on February 23, 2026. The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amendment to the Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”). In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2 and 4, the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on February 27, 2026. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5, the due date for Response was March 19, 2026. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent’s default on March 23, 2026. page 2 The Center appointed John Swinson as the sole panelist in this matter on April 7, 2026. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. 4. Factual Background The Complainant is a Swiss private company registered in Geneva, Switzerland, since June 29, 2006. According to the Complainant’s website, the Complainant is a family-owned company specializing in the shipping sector, and has a global presence through subsidiaries and strategic joint ventures. The Complainant is the holder of several domain names incorporating its company name, including <seehfinance.ch>, registered on October 3, 2017 and three domain name transferred to the Complainant as the result of proceedings under the Policy. See, for example, <seehfinanceinvestment-ch.com> transferred to the Complainant on October 25, 2024, following the UDRP decision in SEEH Finance and Investments SA v. Janna N Sopelnik, WIPO Case No. D2024-3508. The Complaint operates its official website at <seehfinance.ch>. The disputed domain name was registered on June 27, 2025. The Respondent did not file a Response, so little information is known about the Respondent. According to the Registrar’s records, the Respondent has an address in the United Kingdom. According to the Panel’s research, 1 the disputed domain name resolves to a website titled “Seed Investments” with an address in London, United Kingdom. The “About Us” and “Terms & Condition” links in the footer are not links to pages with that information but a merely links to the home page at the disputed domain name. However, there is a website at a subdomain of the disputed domain name, namely <seehfinanceinvestment.com.seedinvestment-uk.com> that is for a website titled “Seeh Finance and Investments S.A.” and that advertises services such as investment financing. The address that was provided on these webpages at the disputed domain name is an address in Geneva, Switzerland, very similar to the Complainant’s one. 5. Parties’ Contentions A. Complainant The Complainant contends that it has satisfied each of the elements required under the Policy for a transfer of the disputed domain name. In summary, the Complainant makes the following submissions. Notably, the Respondent created a copycat website at the disputed domain name that used the Complainant’s legal name and an address in Geneva where the Complainant is located, and that promoted similar services to the Complainant’s services. The website at the disputed domain name is not legitimate. It includes numerous spelling mistakes, and it is doubtful whether the Respondent has the required FINMA (Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority) authorization. 1 Noting the general powers of a panel articulated inter alia in paragraphs 10 and 12 of the UDRP Rules, panels may undertake limited factual research into matters of public record if they would consider such information useful to assessing the case merits and reaching a decision. WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, (“WIPO Overview 3.1”), section 4.8. page 3 The Complainant has established unregistered trademark or service mark rights in SEEH FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS. The disputed domain name is confusingly similar to SEEH FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS. The Respondent uses the Complainant’s name to achieve a fraudulent objective. B. Respondent The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant’s contentions. 6. Discussion and Findings To succeed, the Complainant must demonstrate that all of the elements enumerated in paragraph 4(a) of the Policy have been satisfied, namely: (i) the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; (ii) the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name; and (iii) the disputed domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith. The onus of proving these elements is on the Complainant. A. Identical or Confusingly Similar It is well accepted that the first element functions primarily as a standing requirement. The standing (or threshold) test for confusing similarity involves a reasoned but relatively straightforward comparison between the Complainant’s trademark and the disputed domain name. WIPO Overview 3.1, section 1.7. The Panel finds the Complainant has established unregistered trademark or service mark rights in SEEH FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS for the purposes of the Policy. WIPO Overview 3.1, section 1.3. In the Panel’s assessment, the Complainant has adequately demonstrated that its unregistered mark SEEH FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS, which mirrors its registered business name, functions as a distinctive identifier of source. The mark is inherently distinctive and has been consistently used in commerce to designate the Complainant’s services. The Complainant has also submitted undisputed evidence showing continuous use of the company name and business identifier since at least 2018, including in professional correspondence with banks, real estate professionals, notaries, payment and risk managers, asset managers, fund administrators, and public authorities in Switzerland. The Complainant has also been successful in establishing unregistered trademark rights in prior cases under the Policy. The question is whether SEEH FINANCE AND INVESTMENTS is confusingly similar to <seedinvestment- uk.com>. The terms “FINANCE AND” are not included in the disputed domain name, the word “investments” does not include the “s”, “SEEH” is misspelt as “seed” and “-uk” is added at the end of the disputed domain name. The Panel considers that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to the unregistered mark for the purposes of the Policy. When viewing the disputed domain name quickly as part of a link, it is easy to mistake “seed” as “seeh”. This is akin to typosquatting. In short, looking at the disputed domain name as a whole, the differences are insignificant changes do not prevent a finding of confusing similarity between the disputed domain name and the mark for the purposes of the Policy. The Panel finds the first element of the Policy has been established. page 4 B. Rights or Legitimate Interests Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name. Although the overall burden of proof in UDRP proceedings is on the complainant, panels have recognized that proving that a respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in a domain name may result in the difficult task of “proving a negative”, requiring information that is often primarily within the knowledge or control of the respondent. As such, where a complainant makes out a prima facie case that the respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests, the burden of production on this element shifts to the respondent to come forward with relevant evidence demonstrating rights or legitimate interests in the domain name (although the burden of proof always remains on the complainant). If the respondent fails to come forward with such relevant evidence, the complainant is deemed to have satisfied the second element. WIPO Overview 3.1, section 2.1. Having reviewed the available record, the Panel finds the Complainant has established a prima facie case that the Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. The Respondent has not rebutted the Complainant’s prima facie showing and has not come forward with any relevant evidence demonstrating rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name such as those enumerated in the Policy or otherwise. The website at the disputed domain name includes webpages (hidden at a subdomain) that appears to have been designed to confuse Internet users into believing that it is operated by the Complainant, when in fact it is not. The Complainant asserts that it was established for fraudulent purposes. Moreover, the Complainant states that the Respondent could not be providing the services in Switzerland as set out on the website at the disputed domain name because it is doubtful that Respondent holds the appropriate financial services license (e.g. with the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA.) Panels have held that the use of a domain name for illegitimate activity (here, a claimed copycat site, or for passing off or other types of fraud) can never confer rights or legitimate interests on a respondent. WIPO Overview 3.1, section 2.13.1. There is no evidence that Seed Investment is a legitimate business. The website at the disputed domain name that relates to Seed Investment includes links that do not lead to the pages expected, for example, the Terms & Condition page does not exist. This part of the website at the disputed domain name appears to the Panel to be a cover or a front for the webpages at the <seehfinanceinvestment.com.seedinvestment- uk.com> subdomain name of the disputed domain name. The Panel finds the second element of the Policy has been established. C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith Generally speaking, a finding that a domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith requires an inference to be drawn that the respondent in question has registered and is using the disputed domain name to take advantage of its significance as a trademark owned by (usually) the complainant. Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy sets out a list of non-exhaustive circumstances that may indicate that a domain name was registered and used in bad faith, but other circumstances may be relevant in assessing whether a respondent’s registration and use of a domain name is in bad faith. WIPO Overview 3.1, section 3.2.1. In the present case, the Respondent appears to be operating a website at the subdomain name of the disputed domain name that contains webpages that are designed to confuse Internet users into believing that these webpages are operated by the Complainant, when that is in fact not the case. The Complainant asserts that the website at the disputed domain name was designed to achieve a fraudulent objective. The Panel agrees that this is likely the case. page 5 Clearly the Respondent was aware of the Complainant when the Respondent registered the disputed domain name. BV Law Firm TechLaB - Technology Law Boutique v. Venu Olis, Venu Olis, WIPO Case No. D2025-3799. The Complainant asserts that similar websites were created in 2022, 2023 and 2025 at other domain names, that were the subject of successful cases under the Policy. Panels have held that the use of a domain name for illegitimate activity (here, a copycat site or other type of fraud) constitutes bad faith. WIPO Overview 3.1, section 3.4. Having reviewed the record, the Panel finds the Respondent’s registration and use of the disputed domain name constitutes bad faith under the Policy. Regal Funds Management Pty Limited v. WhoisGuard Protected, WhoisGuard, Inc. / John Clerk, WIPO Case No. D2020-2773. The Panel also considers that the record of this case reflects that the Respondent has intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to certain pages of its website or other online location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the Complainant’s mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of the Respondent’s website or location or of a product or service on the Respondent’s website or location. The Panel finds that the Complainant has established the third element of the Policy. 7. Decision For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the disputed domain name <seedinvestment-uk.com> be transferred to the Complainant. /John Swinson/ John Swinson Sole Panelist Date: April 21, 2026
Source of record: WIPO . Reproduced for research; WIPO is the authoritative source.
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